Lesson 2

In the second step we need to learn about the planets, after reading their nature we should visualise them using our imagination, and try to develop our faith about each planet as they are described without being judgemental. Faith allows the windows of intuition to open, and their is no other course ( path ) available for enhancing our knowledge and intuition.

The nine planets in twelve houses give a combination of 108 possibilities-and as the entire universe can be seen through the hundred and few natural chemical elements - we can learn a great deal of information through these combinations.

The classic texts give vast information about the nature of each planet- but for a beginner we can read Phaldeepika and the precise information a very strong stepping stone.

I re-iterate my request to read various available texts about the nature of planets ( just planets, it is too early to reflect on each planet in different house ).

Waiting for your questions.

Lesson 1

Lesson 1

Astrology is divided in two major divisions- Calculative astrology and predictive/ interpretive astrology. Most of the softwares take away the necessity of learning calculative astrology for the beginners, though one has better learn and master it, for only then one will know if we are looking at an accurate chart. I prefer starting with interpretive astrology, so that it should become interesting, and then it inspires the pupils to learn more after seeing the amazing results of accurate prediction. If you are interested " Elements of Astronomy and astrological calculations " by V.P. Jain provides an easy and almost exhaustive ( for a beginner ) teaching of calculation for astrology.

The entire horoscope is built on the foundation of two beings, planets, and houses. Lagna represents the physical being of a person, Sun lagna, the soul; and Moon lagna , the mind. As all our affairs reflect in the material world, so we need to see the Lagna as the reference point for all affairs.

So the most important lesson to learn in the first step in predictive / interpretive astrology is the meaning of each lagna. The effect of Lagna in Aries, in Taurus , in Gemini and so on has to be learnt in the very first place. Lagna's nature as airy , fiery, watery and earthy has a dominant effect on people's lives. One's imagination, intuition and experience should be used to get the meaning of Lagna.

The bookish, and simple interpretation of every Lagna is provided by Bepin Behari in " Planets in the Signs & Houses ", but its explanation and theoretical reflection, which is quite satisfying is provided in " The A to Z of Astrology " by Mahan Vir Tulli. Bepin Behari very lucidly describes lagna in two sentences in different places. It goes like " The assessment of a life in all its variety can be done effectively only on the basis of the total horoscope, but the First house reflects the entirety of the individual's life within a small compass. ...the astrological texts describe the first house as representing the physical appearance of a person, his temperament, personality an environment , the early years of life's journey and the vitality with which he meets the challenges of life.

I encourage you to read various texts about the lagna and then give yourself some time according to your temperament to reflect, (can be a day or a week ), also links to ancient books sites, and then get back to me with your questions. For it is the question and answer session which is like the rowing of a ship, pushing the learner forward, and not the waters around ( symbol of the ocean of knowledge present in the world ).

Karakas

The Sun
The Soul; Power; Intense Severity (fierce); Fortress; Good Strength; Heat; Splendour; Fire; Worship Of Siva; Courage; Thorned Trees; Being In Royal Favour; Bitterness; Old Age; Cattle; Wickedness; Land; Father; Taste; Self-Realization; Skyward Look; One Born of a Timid Woman; World Of Mortals (Mrtyu Loka); Square shape; Bone (skeletal system); Valour; Grass; The Belly; Strenuous Effort; Forest; Half A Year (uttarayana / dakshinayana); Eye (right); Wandering Over The Mountains (wanderer); Quadruped (also the birds); King; Travelling; Dealing; Bite; Scorch; Circular Shape (??); Eye Disease; Body (vitality in the body); Timber (wood); Mental Purity; Lordship Of The Whole Country (sovereign); Freedom Form Disease; Lord Of Saurashtra State; Ornaments; Disease In The Head; Precious stones (gems); Lord Of Sky; Short Like A Dwarf; Lord Of The Eastern Direction; Copper; Blood; Kingdom; Red Cloth; Stone; Public Life; River Bank; Coral (??); Ruby; Strong At Mid-Day (Noon); Eastern Direction; Mouth; Long Standing Anger; Capture Of The Enemy; Sattvik (Pure); Red Chandan Or Saffron; Hostility; Thick Cord

The Moon
Mind; Imagination; Flower; Good Perfume (incence); Going to a Fortress; Brahmin by caste; Idleness; Phlegmatic (kapha) Humour; Epilepsy (diseases of mind, if afflicted); Enlargement of the Spleen (spleed creates bile which help in fat metabolism); Mental Disposition (state of mind); Heart (feelings); Woman (motherly); Virtue Or Vice (attributes of mind); Saltish taste/ Sleep (peace); Happiness; Anything like Water (any fluid); Bell-Metal; Silver (metal); Sugarcane; Typhoid (infection of intestine); Travel/ Going To Far Off Countries; Well; Pond; Tank (any water body); Mother (relations); Pearls; Consumption (infection of lungs/ TB); Whiteness (colour); Waistband; Short Stature; Ability; Winter Season; White Colour; Belly; Worshipping Goddess Gauri; Joking; Nourishment; Wheat; Pleasure; Splendour; Face; Sharp in Thought (in good association such as Jupiter); Love for Curd; Mendicant (sanyasa yoga); Fame (popularity among masses); Learned; Beauty; Strength at Night; Facing Westward; Learned; Getting A Job; Love For West; The Middle World; Nine Gems (navaratna); Middle Age; Life; Eating (food); Ailment of the Shoulders; Umbrella or any Other Royal Insignia; Good Fruits; Blood Purity and Vitality; Fish and Other Water Creatures; Serpent; Brilliant Things (sparkling); Clean Crystal; Soft And Velvety Clothes; Silk Garments

Mars
Prowess; Land (any immovable property); Strength; Kingship; Loss Of Virility; Thief; Battle; Hostility; Enemy; Generosity; Deep red colour; Owning A Garden; Sound Of A Trumpet; Affection; Quadruped; Fool; Anger; Going to a Foreign Country; Firmness; Supporter; Fire; Controversy; Bile; Heat; Wound; Commander in chief; Day; Seeing; Shortness; Disease; Fame; Tin; Sword; Lance Or Spear; Minister; Fracture Of A Limb; Jewel; Praying To God Subrahmanya; Youth; Pungent; Dubar Hall; Earthen Pots; Obstacles; Flesh eater; Calumniating Others; Victory Over Enemy; Bitter; Strong At The End Of The Night; Gold; Summer Season; Valour; Enemy's Strength; Profundity Of Character; Male; Axe; Forester; Village Headman; State Inspection; Pain while Passing Urine; Triangle; Goldsmith; Rogue; Burnt Place; Good Dinner; Leanness; Adept In Archery; Blood (red blood cells); Copper; A Beautiful Cloth; Facing South; Desire; Anger; Scandal; House; Sataghni, A Weapon; A Tree; Sama Veda; Brother; Spade Or Hatchet; Looking After The Wild Animals; Independence; Persistency; Judge; Serpent; World; Speech; Fickle Mindedness; Mounting A Vehicle; Sight Of Blood; Coagulation Of Blood

Mercury
Formal education (schooling); Horses; Treasury; Mathematics; Speech/ Courteous Speech; Infantry; Writing; New Garment, Palatial Building; Green Colour; Sculpture; Astrology; Pilgrimage To Holy Places; Wise Lectures; Temple; Trading; Best Ornaments; Vedanta Philosophy; Maternal Grandfather; Bad Dreams; Eunuch; Facing North; Skin; Wet; Bell metal; Renunciation; Ritu (Season); A Beautiful House; Doctor; Neck; Recitation Of Mantras/ Sattvik Mantras; Childhood; Crooked Look; Heaven; Modesty; Paternal Relation; Fear; Dancing; Devotion; Humorous Temperament; Powerful In The Morning; Hemanta Ritu; Stone To Sharpen Knives; Tranquillity; Navel; Family Prosperity; Mixed Items; Proficient In Telugu Language; Worship Of Lord Vishnu; Sudra; Bird; After Born; Depth Of A Language; The Directions; Atharva Veda; Religious Action; Tower; Dust; Garden; Pudendum Virile; Even; Benefic; Moving In Villages; Impartial Nature; Fond Of Northwest Quarter; Well Versed In The Legends Of The Past; Specialist In Grammar; Expert In Testing Of The Precious Stones; A Scholar; Maternal Uncle; Sacred Prayer; An Amulet

Jupiter
Brahmin; Guru; One's Duty; Chariot; Cow; Infantry; Savings; Meemamsa philosophy; Treasure; Horse; Honey; Large Body; Valour; Reputation; Logic; Astrology; Children; Grandson; Dropsy; Philosophy; Grand father; Great grand-father; Palatial House; Gems; Eldest Brother; Lord Indra; Automn Season; Wrath of Priest; Jewel; Merchant; Physical Health; A Beautiful Mansion; Royal Honour; Thighs; God (divine blessings); Penance; Charity; Religious Duty; Helping Others; Impartiality; Facing North; Circular; Yellow Colour; Moving In Villages; Close Friend; Swinging; Orator; Fat; Old Garment; A New House; Happiness; Mantras; Twice Born (Brahmins- Dvija); Holy Water; Knee; Movement In Heaven; A House Granting All Comforts; Intellect; Proficiency In Learning; Literature; Tower; Charming an Audience; Throne; Strong at All Times; a month; Vessels; Yellow Sapphire; Sweet Juice; Being Good; Happiness; Misery; Length; Gentleness; Reading Other's Mind; Ornamentation; Ether; Phlegm; Topaz; Vedic Text; Brilliancy; Softness; Worship Of Lord Shiva; Performing One's Religious Duties; Travelling In A Well-Decorated Carriage

Venus
White Umbrella; Garment; Marriage; Income; A Biped (Human); Woman; Brahmin; Auspiciousness; Whiteness; Wife; Sexual Happiness; Short; Sour; Flower; Command; Fame; Youthful Vigour; Vehicle; Silver; South-East; Ogling; Scratching; Half A Month; The Quality Of Passion; Strong; Pearl; Yajur Veda; Vaisya; Beauty; Trading; Love-Making; Watery Resort; Elephant; Horse; Variegated Colour; Poetry; Dancing; Middle Age; Singing; Enjoyment; Happiness From The Wife; Gems; Fond Of Humour; Swimmer; Servant; Luck; Variegated Lustre; A Handsome Youth; Kingdom; Scents; Garland; Veena (a string instrument); Flute; Amusement; Lovely Gait; Eight Kinds Of Wealth; All Sorts Of Pleasures; Well Formed Limbs; Sparing In Meals; Spring Season; Ornaments; Eye; Truth Speaking; Proficiency In Art; Semen; Water Sports; Profundity Of Character; Pre-Eminence; Sharp-Witted; Decoration for The Stage; Fond Of Amorous Sports; Broken Health; Love, Greatly Respected And Highly Esteemed; Fondness For White Garments; Bharat Natyama (a form of dance in India); Government Seal; Worshipping Goddess Parvati and Lakshmi; Gentleness; Much Emaciated; Day Sitting Mothers; Literary Composition, Adept at Writing Poetry; Black Hair; Auspicious; Genital Organs; Urine; Afternoon; Diamond

Saturn
Laziness, Obstruction; Horse; Elephant; Skin (nerves, tendons and ligaments); Gain; Witness; Distress; Sickness; Misunderstanding; Misery; Death; Happiness Through A Woman; Maid Servant; Asses And Mules; Outcast; One With Disfigured Limbs; Haunting Woods; Handsome Look; Gift; A Lord; A Portion Of Life; Eunuch; One Born Of The Lowest Caste; Birds; A Servile Duty; Unrighteous Conduct; One Without Manliness; Telling Lies; Long Lasting; Wind; Old Age; Tendons And Muscles; Strong At The End Of The Day; Sisira Ritu (Winter); Great Anger; Exertion; Born Of A Very Low Mother; Bastard; Golaka (abode of lord Krsna); Dirty Clothes And House; Wicked Mind; Friendship With The Wicket; Black Colour; Evil; Cruelty; Ashes; Black Grains; Gems; Iron; Nobility; A Year; Sudra; One Representing The Father; Learning The Trade Of Another Class; Crippled; Sharp; A Blanket; Facing West; Life Saving Drugs; Downward Look; Agriculture; Life Saving Drugs; Arsenal; A Student Belonging To Another Caste; External Position; North-Eastern; Serpent World; Downfall; Lost in Battle; Wandering; A Spear; Lead; Misdirected Strength; A Turk; Worn Out; Oil; The Tamas Guna; Travelling Through Forests and Over Mountains; Hard-Heartedness; Fear; Long Standing Distress; Hunter; Ugly Hair; Entire Sovereignty; Alarm; Goats And The Like; Buffalos And The Like; Indulging In Sex Pleasure; Dressing Oneself For Amorous Appeals; Worshipping God Yama; Dog; Theft And; Cruel-Hearted

Rahu
Umbrella; Kingdom; Gathering; Fallacious Argument; Hurting By Speech; Downcast; Wicked Woman; An Irreligious Man; Decorated Vehicle; Gambling; Strong At Twilight; Intriguing With A Wicked Woman; Going Abroad; Impurity; Bone; Enlargement Of Spleen; Falsehood; Downward Look; Perplexity; Emerald; Facing The Southern Quarter; Shelter Of Outcast Or Low People; Painful Swelling; A Big Forest; Wandering In Rugged Places; Mountain; Pain; Staying Outside; Tending Towards Southwest; Wind; Phlegm; Sorrow; Serpent; Night Breeze; Sharp; Long; Reptile; Reading Of Dreams; Travel; A Muhurata; Old Age; A Vehicle; World Of Serpents; Mother; Father Or Maternal Grandfather; Air; An Acute Or Sharp Pain; Catarrh; Breathing; Great Prowess; Forest; Worshipper Of Goddess Durga; Wickedness; Cohabitation With Quadrupeds; Urdu Script; Harsh Words

Ketu
Worship Of God Chandeeka, God Ganesha And Many Other Gods; Doctor; Dog; Cock; Vulture; Salvation; All Kinds Of Wealth; Consumption; Pain; Fever; Bathing In The Holy Ganges; Great Penance; Wind; A Hunter; Friendship; Conferring Of Prosperity; Stone; Wound; Witchcraft; Inconstancy; Knowledge Of Brahma; Belly; Eye Sore; Stupidity; Thorn; Deer; Knowledge; Observing Silence As A Fast; Philosophy; All Sorts Of Luxuries; Luck; Trouble Form Enemies; Loss Of Appetite; Indifference To The World; Paternal Grandfather; Hunger; Severe Stomach ache; Boils And The Like Skin Troubles; Revolving The Orders Of Arrest; Association Of Sudra.
The Karakas II

I have compiled this list of planetary characteristics from various classics. This shall help you in gaining better understanding of the planets and use them in predictions.

The suffix at various places indicate the classics used for the compilation. They are as follows
BPHS: Brhat Parasari Hora Shastra
BJ: Brhat Jataka
HS: Hora Sara
SV: Saravali
PD: Phaladeepika
JP: Jataka Parijata
DA: Dasa Adhyayi
PM: Prasna Margam

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THE SUN
Names: Heli, Surya (BJ); Aditya, Arka, Ravi, Bhanu, Bhaskara. Divakara, Marthanda, Savita, Teekshnamsu and Ina (HS)
Nature: Malefic
Gender: Masculine
Appearance & Disposition: Sūrya’s eyes are honey-coloured. He has a square body. He is of clean habits, bilious, intelligent and has limited hair (on his head) (BPHS); Well proportioned body, is bilious and possesses pingala (tawny) eyes, has short hairs (BJ); Sun’s body is square; his eyes are pink in colour and he has sparse hair on his body and head. He does not live for a long time in one place. He is of lazy disposition. His knees are weak. He has pleasing face and delivers pleasing speech. (HS); The Sun has curly hair, sharp mind, prominent appearance, majestic voice and is not very tall. His eyes are honey-coloured. He is courageous, steady and of a complexion, which has a mix of red and green. His feet are not conspicuous (small in size). He is bilious and has sturdy bones. He is great and majestic. He has fiery rays and square body and wears saffron-coloured apparels (SV)
Sapta Dhatu: Bones (skeletal system)
Diseases: Causes damage to eyes, loss of hair and thirst, fever etc. by bilious temperament (PD)
Humor: Bile
Governs: The Soul
Planetary Cabinet: The King
Complexion: Blood red (BPHS), Dark Red (BJ); Copper red (SV)
Colour: Copper (BJ)
Deity/ Adhi devata: Agni (BPHS)
Gender: Male
Panchabhuta: Agni (Fire)
Caste: Kshatriya
Guna: Sattvik
Abode: Temple (BPHS), Devastana (BJ)
Direction: East (Purva)
Period: Ayana
Taste: Pungent
Directional Strength: South (10th house)
Day based Strength: Day Time (Diurnal)
Ayana based Strength: Uttarayana
Natural strength: Strongest among all planets
Trees: Strong trees (trees with stout trunk)
Robe/ Cloth: Red silken, Rough cloth
Season: Summer (Grishma)
Matter: Mula (Vegetation) (BJ)
Material: Copper (BJ)
Natural Age: 50 years (JP)
Loka: Mrtyu Loka (World of mortals)
Geographical location: Kalinga (Orissa)
Misc. Lordship: Snakes, wool, hills, gold, weapons, poison, fire, medicines, kings, aryas, river banks, forest, wood and Mantras (SV)

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THE MOON
Names: Chandrama, Sitarasmi (BJ); Sasi, Sasanka, Vidhu, Soma, Nisakara, Seethamsu, Udunatha and Indu (Candr is Nisakara, as she causes the night. She is Seetamsu, as her rays are cool and pleasant. The name Udunatha is given to Candr because Candr married the 27 Nakshatras) (HS);
Nature: Benefic (when waxing), Malefic (when waning)
Gender: Feminine
Appearance & Disposition: Candra is very windy and phlegmatic. She is learned and has a round body. She has auspicious looks and sweet speech, is fickle-minded and very lustful (BPHS); Well rounded body, much wind and phlegm, intelligent, sweet speech and good eyes (BJ); Moon is tall, tender-natured, brilliant in mental disposition, kind, skilled in policy, or politics and has mixed humour of wind and bile. She wears white robes and ornaments; her body resembles a well-drawn circle. (HS); She has an auspicious appearance. Her eyes are beautiful. She has mellifluous voice. She is fair in complexion, has an emaciated body, is youthful, tall, curly and short hair, is learned, soft, of Sattvik disposition, beautiful, phlegmatic, amicable to friends, has pure (excellent) blood, is kind, fond of old ladies, fickle-minded, very fortunate and wears clean apparels. (SV)
Sapta Dhatu: Blood (Circulatory System)
Humour: Vata (Windy) & Kapha (Phlegm)
Governs: The Mind
Planetary Cabinet: The Queen
Complexion: Tawny
Colour: White
Deity/ Adhi devata: Varuna (BPHS), Ambu (BJ)
Panchabhuta: Jala (Water)
Caste: Brahmin
Guna: Sattivik
Abode: Watery places
Direction: North West (Vayavya Kona)
Period: Muhurtha (48 minutes) (BPHS); Kshana (BJ)
Taste: Saline
Directional Strength: North (4th house)
Day based Strength: Night (Nocturnal)
Ayana based Strength: (Uttarayana)
Natural strength: Second to the Sun
Trees: Milky trees (such as rubber plant)
Robe/ Cloth: White Silken (BPHS), New clothes (BJ)
Season: Varsha (Rainy)
Matter: Dhatu (non living matter)
Material: Precious stones (Gemstones)
Natural Age: 70 years (JP)
Loka: Pitri Loka (World of manes)
Geographical location: Yavana Pradesh (land of Greeks)
Misc. Lordship: Poets, flowers, eatables, beads, silver, conch, salt, water, arrow, robes, ornaments, females, Ghī, sesamum, oil and sleep (SV)

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MARS
Names: Ara, Vakra, Kruradrik, Avanaya (BJ); Aara, Vakra, Maheeja Rudhira, Rakta, Angaraka and Krudradrik (HS); Bhumisuta (SV)
Nature: Malefic
Gender: Masculine
Appearance & Disposition: Mangal has blood-red eyes, is fickle-minded, liberal, bilious, given to anger and has thin waist and thin physique (BPHS); Youthful, liberal bilious, fickle minded and has a thin waist (BJ); Mars is unsteady in mind, he is capable of wounding, he has blood-reddish eyes, he is bilious and depicted with fire and arms, his voice is rough, his belly is depressed and he is modest (HS); he is young, he has curly and shining hair, he is liberal (PD); The planet Mars is short, his eyes are reddish-brown in colour. He has a strong body. He is as bright, as burning fire. He is not steady in disposition. He has marrow in bones and flesh. He wears red-coloured apparels. He is more intelligent and is courageous. He is an accomplished speaker. He causes injury. He has short and shining hair. He is bilious in disposition and is Tamasic. He is adventurous and wrathful and is skillful in hurting. He is blood-red in appearance. (SV)
Sapta Dhatu: Marrow (?? system)
Humour: Pitta (Bile)
Governs: Strength
Planetary Cabinet: Commander- in- Chief
Complexion: Bood Red
Colour: Blood Red
Deity/ Adhi devata: Subrahmanya (BPHS), Kumara (BJ); Kartikeya (SV)
Panchabhuta: Agni (Fire)
Caste: Kshatriya (Warrior)
Guna: Tamasik
Abode: Place of Fire
Direction: South (Dakshina)
Period: A day (duration between two Sunrises)
Taste: Bitter
Directional Strength: South (10th house)
Day based Strength: Night (Nocturnal)
Ayana based Strength: Dakshinayana
Natural strength: Stronger than Saturn (Saturn is the weakest one)
Trees: Bitter ones (Lemon Plant)
Robe/ Cloth: Red clothes (BPHS); Burnt clothes (SV)
Season: Greeshma (Summer)
Matter: Dhatu (Non living matter)
Natural Age: Young boy (16 years) (JP)
Veda: Sama Veda
Loka: Mrtyu Loka (World of mortals)
Geographical Location: Ujjain (Central India)
Misc. Lordship: Blood, Copper, Army, Red cloth, Minerals, Earth, King, Destruction, Swooning, Bile and thieves (SV)

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MERCURY
Names: Hemno, Vit, Gna, Bodhana and Induputra (BJ); Saumya, Vid, Jna, Somaja, Bodhana, Kumar and Vidhusuta (Budh is Candr’s son and hence known, as Somaja and Vidhusuta ) (HS)
Nature: Malefic in malefic association, otherwise benefic
Gender: Neuter/ Eunuch
Appearance & Disposition: Budh is endowed with an attractive physique and the capacity to use words with many meanings. He is fond of jokes. He has a mix of all the three humours (BPHS); Gurgling speech, fond of joking and has a mixture of air, phlegm and bile (BJ); Budh’s eyes are dark. He is well-versed in politics (or in policy-making), is of medium height, sometimes firm and sometimes unsteady, jolly natured, in touch with all kinds of news, witty, scholarly and has the composition mixed with the three humours (i. e. bile, phlegm and wind) (HS); Budh rules skin and is full of veins, arteries and nerves. He has an even body (PD); he is sweet spoken, but stammering in speech (DA); Mercury's eyes are reddish and broad. He speaks sweetly. His complexion is of green grass. He has strong skin. He is an extremely Rajasic planet. He is clear in his speech and is pure. He has a mixture of the three humours, i.e. phlegm, bile and wind. He remains delighted and has moderate beauty. He is skillful and sinewy. He is agreeable to all in dressing and speech and wears green robes. (SV
Sapta Dhatu: Skin (BPHS, BJ) (?? System)
Humour: Tridosha (all pitta, kapha, vata)
Governs: Speech
Planetary Cabinet: Yuvaraj (Prince)
Complexion: Hue that of Green grass (Durva Grass)
Colour: Green
Deity/ Adhi devata: Maha Vishnu (BPHS), Kesava (BJ)
Panchabhuta: Prithvi (Earthy)
Caste: Vaishya (Trading Class) (BPHS); Sudra (BJ, SV); Mixed breed (HS)
Guna: Rajasik
Abode: Sports ground, Gaming place
Direction: North (Uttar)
Period: Ritu (Season- Two months)
Taste: Mixed
Directional Strength: East (Lagna)
Day based Strength: Both in day & Night
Ayana based Strength: Uttarayana
Natural strength: Stronger than Mercury
Trees: Fruitless trees
Robe/ Cloth: Black silken (BPHS); Water soaked clothes (BJ, SV)
Season: Sarad (Mild Winter)
Matter: Jiva (Living beings)
Material: Bell metal
Natural Age: Young (20 years) (JP)
Veda: Atharva Veda
Loka: Patala Loka (Hellish world)
Geographical location: Magadha (southern part of Bihar) (SV)
Misc. Lordship: Veda, writing, sculpture, medicines, expertise, minister-ship, speech, jokes, birds, couples, fame, vegetation (vanaspati) and gold (SV)

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JUPITER
Names: Jiva, Angira, Suraguru, Vachasampathi and Ijya (BJ); Jeeva, Angirasa, Suraguru, Mantri Vachaspati, Arya, Brihaspati, Suri and Vageesh (HS); Ida (SV)
Nature: Benefic
Gender: Masculine
Appearance & Disposition: Guru has a big body, tawny hair and tawny eyes, is phlegmatic, intelligent and learned in Shastras (BPHS); Corpulent body, golden locks and eyes, moral and is phlegmatic (BJ); Guru has stout and tall body; his eyes are neither big nor small, he is intelligent, well-versed in politics, or policy making has prominent bilious composition, is a very eloquent speaker, wears yellow apparels and jewels and is of noble disposition (HS); he is of virtuous disposition (DA); The eyes of Jupiter are somewhat reddish-brown. He is learned in Vedas. His voice resembles that of a lion. He is firm and prominently Sattvik. His physical complexion is akin to pure yellow metal. He has broad and prominent chest. He is always fond of virtues and is modest. He has firm and large eyes and is of forgiving disposition. He wears yellow apparels, is phlegmatic, fat and pre-eminent. (SV)
Sapta Dhatu: Fat (BPHS); Brain (BJ) (Digestive system)
Humour: Vata (Windy) & Kapha (Phlegm)
Governs: Knowledge, Wisdom and happiness (BPHS), Intelligence (SV)
Planetary Cabinet: Advisor (Minister)
Complexion: Tawny (BPHS), Jupiter yellow or golden (BJ)
Colour: Yellow
Deity/ Adhi devata: Indra (BPHS)
Panchabhuta: Akasha (Ether)
Caste: Brahmin (Priestly class)
Guna: Sattvik
Abode: Treasury
Direction: North East (Ishanya Kona)
Period: Masa (Month)
Taste: Sweet
Directional Strength: East (Lagna)
Day based Strength: Day time (Diurnal)
Ayana based Strength: Uttarayana
Natural strength: Stronger than Mercury (4th)
Trees: Fruit bearing trees
Robe/ Cloth: Saffron coloured ones (BPHS), Neither old nor new clothes (BJ, SV)
Season: Hemanta (Autumn)
Matter: Jiva (Living beings)
Material: Silver, and when he is in his own house he governs gold (BJ)
Natural Age: 30 years
Veda: Rig Veda (SV)
Loka: Svarga loka (Heavens) (SV)
Geographical location: Sindhu (Indus- Pakistan and Afganistan) (SV)
Misc. lordship: Auspiciousness, virtue, physical stoutness, prowess, mentorship/; guide/ guru/ preceptor, deputation, city, state (province), gold, bed, conveyance, position, grains, residence and sons (SV)

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VENUS
Names: Sukra, Bhrigu, Brigusuta, Sita and Aspujit (BJ); Bhrigu, Bhrigusuta, Ahpujit, Sita, Usanas, Vaitya Pujya, Kavya and Kavi(HS)
Nature: Benefic
Appearance & Disposition: Shukra is charming, has a splendourous physique, is excellent, or great in disposition, has charming eyes, is a poet, is phlegmatic and windy and has curly hair (BPHS); Fond of pleasure, handsome, fine eyes and black ringlets and a temperament compounded of wind and phlegm (BJ); the body of shukra is very bright. He is fortunate, windy and bilious in composition, broad-minded; stout bodied, has a tendency to submit to women, has crooked eyes and is of deceiving nature. (HS); has stout body, broad eyes, wind and phlegm in constitution (PD); The planet Venus is beautiful, has long hands, broad chest and face, is very seminal, splendourous, has dark, short and extended hair, is of complexion, which is a mix of yellow and green, is sensuous, windy and phlegmatic, very fortunate, wears multi-coloured apparels, is of Rajasic disposition, sportive, intelligent, broad-eyed and has prominent shoulders. (SV)
Sapta Dhatu: Sperm/ Semen (Reproductive system)
Humour: Vata (Windy) & Kapha (Phlegm)
Governs: Semen (Potency) (BPHS), Passion (BJ); Comfort (SV)
Planetary Cabinet: Advisor (Minister)
Complexion: Variegated (BJ); Neither white nor black (BJ)
Colour: Variegated
Deity/ Adhi devata: Shachi Devi (BPHS), Indrani (BJ)
Gender: Feminine
Panchabhuta: Jala (Water)
Caste: Brahmin (Priestly class)
Guna: Rajasik
Abode: Bedroom
Direction: South East (Agneya Kona)
Period: Paksha (Fortnight)
Taste: Acidulous (BPHS); Sour (BJ)
Directional Strength: North (4th House)
Day based Strength: Day Time (Diurnal)
Ayana based Strength: Uttarayana
Natural strength: Stronger than Jupiter (5th)
Trees: Floral Plants
Robe/ Cloth: Silken (BPHS); Strong clothes (BJ), Durable clothes (SV)
Season: Vasanta (Spring)
Matter: Mula (Vegetation)
Material: Pearls (BJ)
Natural Age: 16 years (JP)
Veda: Yajur Veda (SV)
Loka: Pitri Loka (World of manes) (SV)
Misc Lordship: Diamonds, ornaments, marriage, scents, friends, wreaths, females, cow dung, diagnosis, education, sexual enjoyment and gold (SV)

*************************************************************

SATURN
Names: Kona, Manda, Suryaputra and Asita (BJ); Kona, Manda, Sani, Krishn, Surya Putr, Yama, Pangu, Sanaischara, Sauri, Kala and Chayasuta (HS)
Nature: Malefic
Gender: Neuter/ Eunuch
Appearance & Disposition: Shani has an emaciated and long physique, has tawny eyes, is windy in temperament, has big teeth, is indolent and lame and has coarse hair (BPHS); Lazy, has yellowish eyes, lean tall body, stout teeth and rough hairs. He is of a windy temperament (BJ); has hard nails, teeth and hair, he is deceptive, he has long hands and feet, his constitution is bilious, he has prominent veins, is indolent and worried (HS); is lame, has deeply depressed eyes and is lazy. He rules muscles. He has an emaciated body (PD); Saturn has red and depressed eyes, emaciated body, prominent veins, is indolent, black-bodied and windy in temperament. He is a talebearer. He is muscular, unkind, foolish, has large nails and teeth, is very dirty, impure, Tamasic in disposition, fierce, short-tempered and old (worn out). He adores black apparels. (SV)
Sapta Dhatu: Muscles (BPHS); Nerves (BJ)
Humour: Vata (Windy)
Governs: Grief/ Sorrow
Planetary Cabinet: Servant
Complexion: Dark (BPHS), Black (BJ)
Colour: Black (BJ), Blue mixed with black (HS)
Deity/ Adhi devata: Brahma (BPHS), Kaha (BJ)
Panchabhuta: Vayu (Air)
Caste: Sudra (Working class) (BPHS); Antyaja (Untouchables) (BJ); Mixed breed (SV)
Guna: Tamasik
Abode: Filthy ground (Dirty places) (BPHS), Heap of dirt (BJ)
Direction: West (Paschim)
Period: Year
Taste: Astringent (BPHS); Acidic (BJ)
Directional Strength: West (7th house)
Day based Strength: Night (Nocturnal)
Ayana based Strength: Dakshinayana
Natural strength: Weakest among all
Trees: Useless trees (shrubs and weeds)
Robe/ Cloth: Multi-coloured robes (BPHS); Rags (BJ, SV)
Season: Sisir (Extreme Winter)
Matter: Dhatu (Non living matter)
Material: Iron, Lead (BJ)
Natural Age: Extremely old
Others: Anthill
Loka: Patala Loka (Hellish world)
Geographical Location: Saurashtra (Gujarat)
Misc. lordship: Lead, zinc, black metals, inferior grains, dead relatives, fools, servants, mean women, saleable goods, poor people and self-restraint (SV)

*************************************************************

RAHU
Names: Tamas, Agu and Asura (BJ); Tamas, Asura, Swarbhanu, Vidhuntuda, Pata, Sainhikeya, Bhujanga and Ahi (HS)
Nature: Malefic (HS)
Gender: Masculine
Appearance & Disposition: He is black in colour, tall in stature, and of low caste; he has skin disease and hick-coughs; he is cunning, and speaks falsehood; he suffers from leprosy.
Sapta Dhatu: n/a
Humour: Vata (Windy)
Governs: Ego (SV)
Planetary Cabinet: Army
Complexion: Sark collyrium (blue mix) (HS)
Colour: Black
Deity/ Adhi devata: Durga / Chandika
Panchabhuta: None
Caste: Outcaste
Guna: Tamasik (like Saturn) (HS)
Abode: Forest
Direction: South West (Nairrittya Kona)
Period: 8 Months
Taste: n/a
Directional Strength: n/a
Day based Strength: Same as Saturn
Ayana based Strength: Same as Saturn
Natural strength: Same as Saturn
Trees: n/a
Robe/ Cloth: Dirty Clothes
Season: n/a
Matter: Dhatu
Natural Age: 100 years (JP)
Geographical Location: Southern India (Dravida country: five tribes: Dravida, Karnataka, Gurjara, Maharashtra and Tailanga)
Misc. Lordship: Mysticism, magic, strange events, enigmas and excitement, Renunciation, Paternal grandfather. Serpents, venomous reptiles, diseases, scars, courage, adventure, execution, Christians & Mohammedans, stones, mud, travellers, inventors, lecturers, psychologist, astrologer, thieves, widowhood, litigation, gold smiths, duplicity, aviators, sepulchres, ant-hills, mole-hills, crack & crevices, archers, spies, sediments of liquor, portentous evils, radio, aerial navigation, metaphysical studies, south-western direction, infamous character, inflammable gases, epidemics, violence, corruption, political plots, and exiles. He also differentiates between purity in love and impure lust. He causes birthmark in the body.

*************************************************************

KETU
Names: Sikhi (BJ); Sikhin, Dhvaja, Dhum, Mrityu Putr and Anala (HS)
Nature: Malefic (HS)
Gender: Feminine, Eunuch (PD)
Appearance & Disposition: He has a red and fierce look, a venomous tongue, an elevated body; he is outcast; of Smoky colour; has bruised limbs and is lean and malicious.
Sapta Dhatu: n/a
Governs: Outcastes
Planetary Cabinet: Army
Complexion: Smoky
Colour: Smoky
Deity/ Adhi devata: Ganesha (PM)
Gender: Feminine, Eunuch (PD)
Panchabhuta: n/a
Caste: Outcaste
Guna: n/a
Abode: n/a
Period: 3 Months
Taste: n/a
Directional Strength: n/a
Day based Strength: Same as Mars
Ayana based Strength: Same as Mars
Natural strength: Same as Mars
Trees: n/a
Robe/ Cloth: Smoky
Season: n/a
Matter: Jiva (Living beings)
Natural Age: 100 years (JP)
Geographical Location: Southern India (Dravida country: five tribes: Dravida, Karnataka, Gurjara, Maharashtra and Tailanga)
Misc. Lordship: Religion, Astrology, Moksha or final emancipation, intrigues, spiritual pride, Religious resignation, Sectarian principles, artistic taste, literary genius, pride, dissimulation, mendicancy, bankruptcy, miserliness, ascetics, deception, quarrels, biliousness, philosophers, selfishness, occultist, skulls, religious shows, assassinations, friends, charms, amulets, vicious tendencies, secret intrigues and association, and back biting.

Vimsottari Dasa-Sri Sanjay Rath

Word meanings

Saraswati: derived from ‘Sarasah’ meaning (a) full of Rasa or nectar (Sa+Rasa). There are seven Rasa’s which lead to the physical creation of all beings. These seven Rasa are the Lords of the saptamsa (one-seventh division) of a sign. Thus, Saraswati is the mother of all creation and is also referred to as BHU Devi or the Earth Mother. (b) Commendable enlightening speech borne from perfect knowledge and truthful countenance. Thus, Saraswati is the giver of such exemplary speech [arising from truthful countenance and knowledge (of all arts, crafts and sciences)].

Pavaka: Pure, clear, bright and shining like Agni (fire); illuminating; n. Pavakaa illuminator.

The Best Udu Dasa

Parasara teaches that Vimsottari is the foremost Udu Dasa because in Kaliyuga[1] the maximum period of the Vimsottari dasa system (120 years) is equal to the Purna Ayus (Full longevity: 120 years) of the human being.

BPHS:



This complete longevity of 120 years is represented by 120 degrees of the zodiac based on the Time-space equation from Manu[2] Smriti[3] whereby one day of the Deva is equal to a year in the life of human beings. By the term Deva (derived from Diva[4]) the Sun is referred to and its average daily motion of one degree in the zodiac. Thus 120 human /earth years would correspond to 120 degrees in the zodiac. There are three Brahma Nabhi[5] in the zodiac at zero degree Aries, Leo and Sagittarius. These navels are 120 degrees apart. These navel represent the end or a new beginning and is conceptualized as Gandanta. Their separation of 120 degree is the longevity span of the human being. There are other dictum which refer to other transits of the Sun as the 21/2 Degree transit. However, these shall refer to beings other than human or for other purposes.
Lesson #01: The first step in Vimsottari dasa is to determine the Param Ayus (maximum longevity) of any body, both animate and inanimate.
Nakshatra

The angular span of 120 degrees is divided into nine mansions of the Moon called Nakshatra or simply constellation. Each Nakshatra has an angular span of 13020’ (or 800’) and is composed of four parts called Pada. Each Pada, being one-fourth of a constellation is 3020, (or 200’). The first Nakshatra is Aswini which is reckoned from zero degree Aries and spans the range 00–13020’ Aries. The second Nakshatra starts from 13020’ Aries and extends till 26o40’ Aries. In this manner nine Nakshatra cover the span of 1200 from 00Aries to 300Cancer. Similarly two other sets of nine-Nakshatra span the space from 00 Leo to 300 Scorpio and 0o Sagittarius to 30o Pisces respectively (Fig1-1). The Navagraha in the order of Ketu, Venus, Sun, Moon, Mars, Rahu, Jupiter, Saturn & Mercury are the lords of the nine constellation as reckoned from Aswini. This order of planets also determines the lordship for the other two complimentary sets of nine constellation (Table 1-1).
Dasa Period

Dasa periods have been spelt out by Parasara[6] for the planets as Sun – 6 years, Moon – 10 years, Mars – 7 years, Rahu – 18 years, Jupiter – 16 years, Saturn – 19 years, Mercury – 17 years, Ketu – 7 years and Venus – 20 years. These have also been indicated in the Table 1-1.
Order of Dasa

The dasa follows a definite sequence in the regular order of the constellations. The Dasa are furnished by the planets owning the constellations. For example, if the first dasa is reckoned from Bharani (2), then the first dasa shall be initiated from Venus, the lord of Bharani. The order of the constellations are Bharani(2)-Krittika(3)-Rohini(4)-Mrigasira(5)-Ardra(6)-Punarvasu(7)-Pusya(8)-Aslesha(9)-Makha(10) etc. Thus, the order of the Dasa shall be Venus (Bharani), Sun (Krittika), Moon (Rohini), Mars (Mrigasira), Rahu (Ardra), Jupiter (Punarvasu), Saturn (Pusya), Mercury (Aslesha) and Ketu (Makha).

Applicability

Parasara has advised the use of this Vimsottari dasa for all purposes as it is the best Udu dasa. Whereas he has given a very specific rule (Criteria-1) for the use of Ashtottari Dasa (108 years) by stating[7]4 that Rahu in a quadrant or trine from the Lord of Lagna determines the applicability of Ashtottari dasa, subsequently he gives the following advise (Criteria-2):-



“If birth is at day in Krishna Paksha[8] or at night in Sukla Paksha[9], the use of Ashtottari dasa is advised.” If this advise is to be taken at face value, then by implication the Vimsottari dasa would apply only if birth is at night in Krishna Paksha or at day in Sukla Paksha. Considering Criteria-1 & 2 together, Ashtottari dasa will be applicable in about 25% charts. Thus, Vimsottari dasa is applicable in about 75% birth charts[10]. Summing up, check the following:-

1) Whether Rahu is placed in a Kendra or Trikona from Paka Lagna (i.e. the sign occupied by the Lord of Lagna).

2) Whether birth at day time is in Krishna Paksha, OR Whether birth at night time is in Sukla Paksha.

3) If both of (1) or (2) above is applicable, then use Ashtottari dasa, else apply Vimsottari dasa.
Determination of Starting Dasa

It has become a common practice to initiate the Vimsottari dasa from the constellation occupied by the Moon. However specific rules exist for determining the starting constellation. Determine the following five constellations: -

(i) Lagna Nakshatra: the constellation, which houses the rising degree of the ascendant.

(ii) Janma Nakshatra: the constellation, which is occupied by the Moon in the horoscope (Birth chart).

(iii) Name Nakshatra: the constellation/Pada indicated by the first letter in the name of the person (refer Table – at Appendix I).

(iv) Prasna Nakshatra: the constellation occupied by the Moon at the time of query or examination of a chart, and,

(v) Utpanna[11] Nakshatra[12]: the fifth constellation counted from the constellation occupied by the Moon in the birth chart.

Lesson # 2:
stronger amongst Name Nakshatra and Prasna Nakshatra is used to determine the dasa related to a horary (Prasna) chart, and
the stronger amongst Lagna Nakshatra, Janma Nakshatra and the Utpanna Nakshatra is used to determine the dasa’ s for natal chart (horoscope).

Although there maybe many methods to determine the relative strength of constellation, a few rules are given here.

(i) Determine the number of planets in Kendra (quadrants) to the signs occupied by the constellation[13]7. Larger number of planets in quadrant shall determine the stronger.

(ii) If they are equal or if the constellations are in mutual quadrant, then the association or aspect of Jupiter, Mercury or Lord of the constellation is a source of strength[14].

Lesson # 3: Whenever in doubt prefer the Moon constellation in Manushya Jataka(horoscope/charts relating to human beings) as the Mana (Mind) signified by the Moon shall determine the fortune.
Lesson # 4: In case there are four or more planets in quadrant to Lagna, then Tara dasa (a modification of Vimsottari dasa) shall apply.

In the case of Tara[15] dasa, the strongest planet in Kendra initiates the dasa, which is followed by other planets in the Kendra[16]. Thereafter planets in Panapara[17] and Apoklimas[18] furnish the dasa. The dasa periods are the same as for Vimsottari dasa.
Calculation of Dasa Balance

After having determined the strongest constellation that will initiate the Vimsottari dasa, the next logical step is to determine the balance of dasa.

Step 1: Determine the exact longitude of the Lagna/Moon as the case maybe. (Say M)

Step 2: Expunge the longitude of the starting point of the constellation (Say N) from it. Thus we have (M-N) the progress in the constellation.

Step 3: Since the span of the constellation is 13o20' or 800', expunge the progress in the constellation determined from previous step from the span to determined balance of constellation to be covered i.e. 13o20' - (M-N).

Step 4: the balance of dasa is obtained by multiplying the dasa period of the lord of the constellation with the ratio of balance of constellation to be covered (Step 3) and complete span

i.e. Dasa Balance = Dasa period X {13020' - (M-N)} / 13020'

or, Dasa Balance = Dasa period X { 1- [(M-N)/13020'] }
Illustrations

Example 1

Let us determine the starting dasa, dasa balance and Vimsottari Dasa of Male born on 12 November 1934 at 6:20' PM IST at Lat: 20N30', Long:85E50', India. The birth chart as follows:-


Determination of Starting Dasa

(i) Lagna Nakshatra: Rohini (4) in Taurus.

(ii) Janma Nakshatra: Uttar Sadha (21) in Capricorn

(iii) Utpanna Nakshatra: 5th from Janma Nakshatra: Poorvabhadra (25) in Aquarius.

Seven planets are placed in quadrant to the Moon sign and this is the strongest. Thus the Moon shall determine the starting constellation as Uttar Sadha (21). The lord of this constellation is the Sun, which shall furnish the first dasa at birth.
Calculation Dasa Balance.

Dasa Period of Sun = 6 Years

Longitude of Moon = 10s 50 51' 13.00"= 3050 51'13"(M)

Longitude of starting point of Uttar Sadha = 9s 260 40'=2960 40' (N)

Thus, balance of dasa = Dasa period ´ { 1- [(M-N)/ 13o20'] }

= 6 X {1- [(3050 51'13" – 296040')/13020']}

= 6 X {1- [9011'13"/13020']}

= 6 X {1- [33073”/48000”]}

= 6 X 0.31098[19]

= 1.865875

= 1 Year 10 Months 11 Days 17hr-9min-36sec.

Thus the Vimsottari dasa ending date of the Chart 1 is as follows:
Year Month Day Hour Min Sec
Birth: 1936 11 12 18 20 00
Add, Sun Dasa Balance:(+) 1 10 11 17 9 36
Moon Dasa Start Date 1937 9 24 11 29 36

The starting date of the Moon Dasa is 24 September 1937 and starting time of 11-29'-36" AM should be noted separately for drawing the Dasa Pravesh Chakra (Dasa Initiation Chart).

Vimsottari Dasa table of Chart1







Starting Date

Ending Date

Dasa

Planet

Period

Y

M

D

Y

M

D

1 Janma

Sun

1-10-11

1936

11

12

1937

9

24

2 Sampat

Moon

10

1937

9

24

1947

9

24

3 Vipat

Mars

7

1947

9

24

1954

9

24

4 Kshema

Rahu

18

1954

9

24

1972

9

24

5 Pratya

Jup

16

1972

9

24

1988

9

24

6 Sadha

Sat

19

1988

9

24

2007

9

24

7 Vadha

Merc

17

2007

9

24

2024

9

24

8 Mitra

Ketu

7

2024

9

24

2031

9

24

9 Ati-mitra

Ven

20

2031

9

24

2054

9

24
Example 2

Determine the dasa for Male born on 7 August 1963 at 9:15’ AM IST at Lat:21N28’ Long:84E01’, India.



The Rasi Chart is as follows:

Date of Birth: August 7, 1963; Time of Birth: 9:15:00 pm (21N28 84E01')

In Chart 2, all four quadrants are occupied by four planets. Normally the conjunction of four or more planets in a Kendra gives Pravrajya (renunciation) Yoga and in this case, they are in separate signs and as per Lesson#4, Tara Dasa is applicable in the chart.
Step 1: Determination of the strongest planet

The four planets in quadrants are Jupiter, Rahu, Ketu and Mars. The nodes Rahu & Ketu are exalted in Gemini & Sagittarius respectively and are stronger than Jupiter in own sign (Pisces) or Mars in an inimical sign. Both nodes are equally aspected as per Rasi Drishti by Jupiter and are not conjoined any planets. In such a scenario we can use Bhava Bala[20] wherein the tenth house has a total strength of 10.53 Rupa and the fourth house has 9.37 Rupa. Thus Ketu is the strongest planet.
Step 2: Order of Dasa

The order of the dasa is based on Kendradi dasa. The planets in Kendra furnish the initial dasa’s on the basis of their strengths. This is followed by the dasa’s of planets in Panapara & then Apoklimas. Thus the order of Dasa for Chart 2 is as follows:-

Ketu, Rahu, Jupiter, Mars, (Kendra)

Sun, Venus, Saturn (Panapara),

Mercury, Moon (Apoklimas).

NOTE: This is the beginning of undoing the fixed concepts that many of you may have developed and in trying to make the mind more flexible to think. However, I will end this PART LESSON on Vimsottari Dasa with the words that all the DASA function simultaneously (which includes the various types of Vimsottari). It is only a question of dominance of one over the other.

To be continued ….(Vimsottari#2)

HARI OM TAT SAT

[1] Kaliyuga refers to one of the four eon’s which is the present Age of Iron. It started with the disappearance of Bhagavan Sri Krishna in 3102 B.C.

[2] One of the fourteen sons of Brahma in one life of Brahma and the progenitor(s) of the Human race.

[3] Vedic Literature can be broadly classified as the Smriti and Sruti. Sruti means that which was heard (by the Maharishi’s) and is the voice of God. These include the Veda etc. Smriti means that which is remembered and can be commented or generally adapted.

[4] Diva means light and hence Deva is a giver of light of knowledge or enlightenment or a giver of energy. The Sun is the source of all energy in the solar system. Thus, it is not only the Deva, but also the Atmakaraka or soul personified.

[5] navel of Brahma signifying a new beginning

[6]

[7]

[8] Krishna means dark; Paksha means fortnight. Thus Krishna Paksha means Dark fortnight or waning phase of Moon.

[9] Sukla means bright; Paksha means fortnight. Thus Sukla Paksha means Bright fortnight/waxing phase.

[10] Let us see the Mathematics. If we use the Paksha Criteria, then 50% are for Vimsottari and the other for 50% Ashtottari. Now, for Ashtottari the second criteria is not in EXCLUSION, but in INCLUSION. Thus, out of the 50%, another half (Kendra + Kona=6 signs out of 12) shall be excluded as Rahu will not be in Kendra/Kona to Paka Lagna. Now 50% of 50% is 25% applicable for Vimsottari Dasa.

[11] Kshema is the 4th Star, Adhana is the 8th Star and Utpanna is the 5th Star/ Nakshatra as reckoned from the Nakshatra occupied by the Moon.

[12] The Moon’s longitude is used for calculating the dasa balance as these are only relative positions of the Nakshatra from their overlord - the Moon.

[13] Constellations could span over two signs and the position of the Lagna or Moon should be the deciding factor about the sign being referred to. For example if the Constellation is Punarvasu (Gemini 20o to Cancer 3020’), and if the Moon is in Cancer 20, then the sign for checking planets in quadrants is Cancer.

[14] Similar to the second source of strength given by Jaimini and later explained by Varahamihira (Brihat Jataka).

[15] Tara is the spouse of Jupiter (Brihaspati) who, is the Guru of Vimsottari Dasa. That is why the periods of the Sun & Moon are equal to the period of Jupiter {i.e. Sun (6)+Moon (10)= Jupiter (16)}. On the other hand Venus (Sukracharya) is the Guru of Ashtottari dasa as the periods of the Sun (6) and Moon (15) equal the period of Venus (21) in Ashtottari dasa.

[16] Kendra are the Cadent houses i.e. the 1st, 4th, 7th & 10th house.

[17] Panapara are the Succeedent houses i.e. the 2nd,5th, 8th & 11th houses.

[18] Apoklimas are the precedent houses i.e. the 12th,3rd,6th & 9th houses.

[19] This ratio is called Nakshatra Balance

[20] Refer to Graha & Bhava Bala by Dr B V Raman. Although some would suggest Graha Bala instead of Bhava Bala, this cannot be computed for the nodes





Longevity related Notes On Vimsottari Dasa
Dasa Sesham[1]

Calculation of longevity should be done as per traditional tools. Separate Vimsottari dasa’s can be calculated from the fifth, fourth and eighth constellation from Janma Nakshatra[2] . These are called Utpanna dasa (5th Star), Kshema dasa (4th Star) and Adhana dasa (8th Star). Compare the ending dates of dasa’s under this to that of Janma Vimsottari (as determined in previous chapter). If the ending dates are close, then it can spell the end of life.

Illustration

Determine the Utpanna, Kshema and Adhana dasa of Male born on 7 August 1963 at 9:15’ PM IST at 21N28’ 84E01’(Chart 2).



In Chart 2, the Janma Nakshatra is Satabhisaj (24) and the Kshema star (4th) is Revati (27) ruled by Mercury; the Utpanna star (5th) is Aswini (1) ruled by Ketu and the Adhana star (8th) is Rohini (4) ruled by Moon. The Nakshatra balance is 0.001157 and the balance of Dasa can be easily calculated from this.
Kshema dasa balance
Full period of Mercury dasa = 17 years.
Balance of Mercury dasa = 17 X 0.001157 = 0.019669 Years = 0 Year 0 Month 7 Days
Thus, Ending date (Mercury) = 1963-08-07 (Birth Date YYYY-MM-DD) (+) 0-00-07 (Add)
= 1963-08-14(YYYY-MM-DD) or1963 Aug 14
Utpanna Dasa Balance
Full period of Ketu dasa = 7 years.
Balance of Mercury dasa = 7 X 0.001157 = 0.008099 Years
= 0 Year 0 Month 3 Days
Thus, Ending date (Ketu) = 1963-08-07 (Birth Date YYYY-MM-DD) (+) 0-00-03 (Add)
= 1963-08-10(YYYY-MM-DD) or1963 Aug 10
Adhana Dasa Balance
Full period of Moon dasa = 10 years.
Balance of Moon dasa = 10 X 0.001157 = 0.01157 Years
= 0 Year 0 Month 4 Days
Thus, Ending date (Moon) = 1963-08-07 (Birth Date YYYY-MM-DD)
(+) 0-00-04 (Add)
= 1963-08-11(YYYY-MM-DD) or1963 Aug 11
Table2-1 :Kshema Dasa Table

Starting Date

Ending Date

Dasa Planet Period Age Y M D Y M D
4 Kshema Merc 0-0-7 0 1963 8 7 1963 8 14
5 Pratya Ketu 07 07 1963 8 14 1970 8 14
6 Sadha Ven 20 27 1970 8 14 1990 8 14
7 Vadha Sun 06 33 1990 8 14 1996 8 14
8 Mitra Moon 10 43 1996 8 14 2006 8 14
9 Ati-mitra Mars 07 50 2006 8 14 2013 8 14
1 Janma Rahu 18 68 2013 8 14 2031 8 14
2 Sampat Jup 16 84 2031 8 14 2047 8 14
3 Vipat Sat 19 103 2047 8 14 2066 8 14


Table2-2 :Utpanna Dasa Table

Starting Date

Ending Date

Dasa Planet Period Age Y M D Y M D
5 Pratya Ketu 0-0-3 0 1963 8 7 1963 8 10
6 Sadha Ven 20 20 1963 8 10 1983 8 10
7 Vadha Sun 06 26 1983 8 10 1989 8 10
8 Mitra Moon 10 36 1989 8 10 1999 8 10
9 Ati-mitra Mars 07 43 1999 8 10 2006 8 10
1 Janma Rahu 18 61 2006 8 10 2024 8 10
2 Sampat Jup 16 77 2024 8 10 2040 8 10
3 Vipat Sat 19 96 2040 8 10 2059 8 10
4 Kshema Merc 17 113 2059 8 10 2076 8 10



Table2-3 :Adhana Dasa

Starting Date

Ending Date

Dasa Planet Period Age Y M D Y M D
8 Mitra Moon 0-0-4 0 1963 8 7 1963 8 11
9 Ati-mitra Mars 07 7 1963 8 11 1970 8 11
1 Janma Rahu 18 25 1970 8 11 1988 8 11
2 Sampat Jup 16 41 1988 8 11 2004 8 11
3 Vipat Sat 19 60 2004 8 11 2023 8 11
4 Kshema Merc 17 77 2023 8 11 2040 8 11
5 Pratya Ketu 7 84 2040 8 11 2047 8 11
6 Sadha Ven 20 104 2047 8 11 2067 8 11
7 Vadha Sun 6 110 2067 8 11 2073 8 11

Notes: The Utpanna, Kshema and Adhana Dasa are always calculated on the basis of the longitude of the Moon, even if the Lagna is stronger than the Moon as in this case.

Comparing dasa The four Dasa (i.e. Janma, Kshema, Utpanna & Adhana) are compared carefully to determine similarity in the ending dates of dasa. If the ending dates are the same in at least two of the dasa, then ill-health, accidents, premature death and other evils can be anticipated.

1. Comparing Table 2-1 & Table 2-2, we find that the fifth dasa in both end in 2006 AD showing danger. Now compare the dasa length in both. The fifth dasa in Table 2-1 is of the Moon for 10 years while that in table 2-2 is of Mars for 7 years. Take the shorter period and we can narrow down the danger period from 1999 to 2006.

2. Comparing Table 2-1 & Table 2-3, we find that the first dasa in both end in 1970 AD showing danger. Now compare the dasa length in both. The first dasa in Table 2-1 is of the Ketu for 7 years while that in Table 2-3 is of Mars for 7 years. Take the shorter period and we can narrow down the danger period from 1963 to 1970. During this period the native had many close encounters when as a baby he fell into a dam and was rescued by the timely intervention of his grandmother who dived in after him. Later in February 1969 he was badly mauled by a dog and had to undergo treatment for a few months. These incidents are represented by the planets having the Kshema Dasa [Ketu in a constellation of Venus clearly indicates danger from dogs, and specifically feminine-bitch) and Adhana dasa (Mars in a constellation of Moon shows the danger of accidents (Mars) in water (Moon) and the person who saves is seen from the house where 7th house occupied by Mars is the fourth (Mother/Aunt) from the fourth house (Mother) indicating grandmother].

3. Comparing Table 2-2 & Table 2-3, we find that the seventh dasa in both end in 2040 AD indicating danger or premature death. Now compare the dasa length in both. The seventh dasa in Table 2-2 is of the Jupiter for 16 years while that in Table 2-3 is of Mercury for 17 years. Take the shorter period and we can narrow down the danger period from 2024 to 2040. In this manner the dangerous periods should be determined and after calculating the longevity, the death inflicting dasa can be determined.
Death inflicting Dasa

1) The Dasa Sesham can cause death as all dasa tend to be evil towards their end. If the Sesham coincides for Utpanna, Adhana, Kshema or Janma Vimsottari dasa, then it can cause death.

2) The Janma dasa (First Vimsottari dasa) can cause death for Balarishtha[3] Jataka. The Vipat dasa (Third Vimsottari dasa) can cause death for Yogarishtha[4] and Alpa Ayus[5] Jataka[6]. The Pratya dasa (Fifth Vimsottari dasa) can cause death for Madhya Ayus[7] Jataka. The Vadha dasa (Seventh Vimsottari dasa) can cause death for Poorna Ayus[8] Jataka.

3) The dasa of the lord of the sixth house can bring wailing at home, especially in the antardasa of the lord of the eighth house when the death of the native himself can occur[9] . Similarly, dasa of Lord of eighth and antardasa of lord of the sixth can give death.

4) The stronger of the Lords of the 2nd or 8th house is called Rudra and it’s dasa or association can cause death of the native[10]. Similarly, the Rudra for parents are determined from the Sun or Venus (for Father) and Moon or Mars (for Mother) .

5) The dasa of a planet in Rasi-Sandhi (especially Gandanta) can bring sorrow and disease or even death. If it is in the last degree of the sign, then its dasa can produce death[11] .

6) Niryana Dasa[12] :For day birth, add the longitudes of the Sun and Saturn whereas for night birth add the longitudes of Rahu and Moon. The point arrived at by the sum of the longitudes will be in some constellation. The dasa of the lord of this constellation and antardasa indicated by the degree of the longitude sum can also determine death.

7) Gulika Dasa: The dasa/antardasa of the planets indicated by the longitude of Gulika in a constellation or that of planets associated with it can be death inflicting and harmful. The body can develop or be afflicted by poisonous substances.
Illustration

Nobel Laureate Rabindranath Tagore was born on the 7th May 1861 at 2:51’ AM LMT at 22N40’ Lat & 88E30’ Long on Krishna Paksha Trayodasi (ruled by Jupiter) in the Vedic month of Chaitra.

Rabindranath Tagore was a great worshipper of Vishnu and perhaps, the greatest poets of his time. The Lagna has the Moon in it, and any computation will clearly bring out the importance of the Moon in initiating the Vimsottari Dasa. The Vimsottari dasa starting dates (from Moon)are as under:

Merc 1856-06-02 ; Ketu 1873-06-02 ; Venus 1880-06-02 ; Sun 1900-06-03 ; Moon 1906-06-03 ; Mars 1916-06-03 ; Rahu 1923-06-03 ; Jup 1941-06-03



It would be very difficult to explain the death of Rabindranath Tagore in Jupiter Dasa Jupiter antardasa, especially when Jupiter is the lord of Lagna and is also exalted in the ninth from Arudha Lagna. However Gulika is in Visakha Nakshatra ruled by Jupiter and hence Jupiter shall give the results of Gulika in its initial period. This resulted in death.

4. The dasa of the planets associated with the second and seventh house can also be death inflicting.

5. Divisional Charts: The death of the native can be studied form the Rasi and Trimsamsa whereas that of other relatives are to be seen from the other divisional charts. Parasara explains these as Drekkana (D-3) for co-born, Saptamsa (D-7) for children, Navamsa (D-9) for spouse, Dasamsa (D-10) for those related in the profession, Dwadasamsa (D-12) for Parents and elders, Vimsamsa (D-20) for Guru’s and Sisya (Upasana), Chaturvimsamsa (D-24) for teachers and students (Siddhi) and so on.
Assignment

Q1: Draw the Utpanna, Kshema and Adhana Dasa in your own chart and indicate the evil periods.

Q2: What is the reason for calculating these three types of Vimsottari Dasa based on the longitude of the Moon instead of Lagna?

Q3: Determine the period of death of at least two persons related to you (in any manner) using divisional charts.

Q4: Why are planets associated with the 2nd/7th houses death inflictors? Show at least one case where this has proved to be correct. What remedy does Parasara prescribe for this position or ownership of planets?

Q5: What is the importance of the Moon in averting Balarishta? What are the ages of Balarishta, Yogarishta, Alpa Ayus, Madhya Ayus and Poorna Ayus?

Q6:Case Study: Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, Born on 14 November 1889; 11:00’PM LMT Allahabad (25N27’ 81E51’). Explain the the following events:
1. death of his wife (28 Feb 1936); [Sun-Merc]
2. death of Father (6 Feb 1931), [Venus-Merc]
3. Marriage (8 Feb, 1916); [Venus-Sun]
4. Birth of Daughter (19 Nov, 1917) when he was in jail; [Venus-Moon]
5. His death 27 May 1964 [Rahu-Merc]
6. His illness that started in Feb 1963 [Rahu-Sat]

Q7: Case Study: female born 23 January 1950, 6:15’ AM Ghaziabad, India. Husband died in Venus-Rahu-Venus Vimsottari Dasa-Antar-Pratyantar. Explain why?

HARI OM TAT SAT




[1] Sesham means ending or finishing

[2] (JP 18-35)

[3] Balarishtha refers to infantile death (0 to 12 years). If this is destined, then the Janma dasa itself can cause death.

[4] Yogarishtha refers to teenage death around 12 to 20 years age. If this is destined, then the Vipat or third dasa can cause death.

[5] Alpa Ayus indicates premature death within 36 years. If a few other life determining factors are strong, then this can be within 40 years.

[6] Parasara



[7] Madhya Ayus refers to middle life where the longevity is from 36 to 72 years. Another classification is 40 to 80 years.

[8] Poorna Ayus or full life refers to the longevity in the range of 72 to 108 years. Another classification is 80 to 120 years. For more details refer to my translation of Jaimini’s Upadesa Sutra.

[9] (JP 18-25)

[10] (JP 18-38) The reference is to Sthira Karaka or fixed significators that are used in Ayur dasa or longevity estimation.

[11] (JP 18-27)

[12] This is different from the Niryana Shoola Dasa and should not be mistaken. Niryana dasa has been defined as the death inflicting period of the Vimsottari dasa (or other Udu dasa) by the following Sloka in Jataka Parijata (JP 18-36):

Sambandha-Shri Sanjay Rath

Relationships defined in Vedic Astrology
Contents

Introduction

Sambandha defined

Yoga

Räçi (Moon sign) relationship

Räçi küta

Naisargika sambandha

Tatkälika sambandha

Case studies

Business partnerships

Associations & societies

Upadeça (Advise)

Home work

Graha Äruòha

Calculation rules

Use of Graha äruòha
Introduction

Before venturing into delineating relationships between two individuals or group dynamics, we need to understand the meaning of ‘sambandha’ and its various connotations. Thereafter, we shall examine the Jyotiça principles concerning people and houses, and finally we shall examine the relationships, both natural and temporal as well as its manifestation, meaning and implications. Vedic remedial measures will be touched, if time permits.
Sambandha defined

The word sambandha in Sanskrit means binding or joining, a close connection or union or association, conjunction, inherence, connection with or relation to. It connotes personal connection like a relationship, fellowship, friendship and even intimacy. The word ‘sambandhi’ (or as used ‘samdhi’ refers to a kinsman, a relationship brought about by a marriage or family by birth. In philosophical terms, this relationship is said to be of three kinds:

· Samaväya: coming together, meeting, congregate, contact, concourse, assemblage, collection, crowd, assemblage are some words that describe this relationship. The individual is in a perpetual (time/daçä defined) co-inherence, be it an inner or intimate relationship or a peripheral relation requiring identification with some symbols and beliefs like an association. It indicates an inseparable concomitance like the relationship between a substance and its qualities like the yarn in cloth. It connotes intimate and constant companionship or relationship like that of birth defining a father and son.

· Samyoga: also sayoga, meaning junction, union; it defines the highest sate of a relationship like the last (of the fourteen) stage leading to emancipation from the cycle of rebirth. The word ‘yoga’ has a very wide meaning (see para 1.2).

· Svarūpa: having own form or shape like sabda~ which means having the form of sound. It refers to own condition, peculiarity, character or nature like ‘of a kind’. A relationship caused because of an event or occurrence.
Yoga

Yoga has many meanings and implications in astrology. Some of these are listed below for a better understanding of the word. A sambandha caused by any of these can be understood as samyoga.

1. It indicates yoking, joining, harnessing or attaching like yoking a team to play a game or yoking horses to pull a carriage. It implies that the individual parts involved in the yoga (yoke) should function in harmony. In Jyotiça, these are called paraspara-yoga-käraka or mutual co-workers.

2. It indicates and undertaking, business, action, work or employment of some kind for the purpose of earning wealth, acquisition, gains or profit or property. In Jyotiça, these are called sūrya yoga or more precisely, äditya yoga.

3. It indicates any conjunction, union, combination or contact and indicates mixing or a mixture. In Jyotiça, these are called Graha yoga and are named based on the number of planets conjoining in a sign.

4. It indicates a connection or relationship as a consequence of, or reason or because of something else. The reason or cause is the käraka (significator) and consequently, these yogas are called Käraka yoga in Jyotiça.

5. It indicates putting together or arranging, based on disposition in a regular succession. In Jyotiça, the longitudes of the individual planets are considered to arrange them in a regular succession of decreasing (longitudinal) hierarchy called ‘Chara käraka’. These planets then acquire the potential for various generating yogas.

6. It indicates zealous endeavor with care and using all of one’s powers to achieve a goal. Such zeal can only come from the individual soul called the ätmakäraka indicating the native’s strong inner urges and desires. The yogas, in Jyotiça are consequently called ätmakäraka yoga or simply käraka yoga.

7. It indicates abstract contemplation; meditation and such other practices to attain union (yoga) with God and all these are called adhyätma yoga (spirituality) in Jyotiça. It includes renunciation (sanyäsa yoga), mantra çästra, Pätanjali’s (samkhya-II) yoga philosophy, rituals (where yoga is personified as the son of Dharma & Kriya) etc.

8. It indicates the union of puruña (spirit personified as father) and präkåti (nature personified as mother) for the purpose of all creation (saëkhyä çastra). In Jyotiça, the Sun indicates the puruña and the Moon indicates präkåti. The relationship between these planets indicates the Yoga of birth of which there are 27 types. This leads to yet another meaning for the word yoga as ‘sum’ in arithmetic.

9. It indicates the constellation (of the 27 nakñatra), which is conjoined the Moon and is called ‘Candra yoga’. This is extended into other varieties of Candra yoga based on certain planetary positions that influence the health and mind. The nakñatra, which do not have the conjunction or association of the Moon, are called ‘Kha yoga’ or having the yoga (association) of the sky (kha). This leads to another variety of Jyotiça combinations called Kha yoga or Näbhasa yoga.

In this manner, the various meanings of the word yoga can be studies with a focus on its relevance to Vedic astrology. Suffice is to say that the word has a very deep meaning and any superficial reading will cause a vacuum in our understanding and judging of real life situations.
Räçi (Moon sign) relationship

The lord of the Janma räçi is called the Subhapati in a horoscope. This planet is the controller of the fortunes and well-being of the individual and can be viewed as the sustainer of the chart. In matching charts for marriages and other relationships like business etc, this criterion is considered crucial and is called räçiädhipati or graha-maitreya (planetary relationship).
Räçi küta

The moot principle in matching charts is to determine the ‘puruña’ and ‘präkriti’ or the male and female principles. In marriage matching, this is easy as the male is taking on the role of the puruña and the female takes the role of präkriti. In business or other relationships, the dominant or active partner shall take the role of puruña while the passive partner takes the role of präkriti.

Prepare a matching chart by placing the Sun in the same sign and nakñatra as that occupied by the natal Moon (Janma räçi) of the active partner. The Janma räçi and nakñatra of the passive partner should be taken as such. If the Sun-Moon relationship in the matching chart indicates çukla pakña (bright half), then the match is said to be good and will lead to growth just like the waxing Moon. If instead, the relationship is krçna pakña then the enterprise or relationship will end as the waning moon indicates decline and destruction. Thus, before entering into a relationship, it is necessary to check whether it shall grow or perish. Count the number of signs from the Sun (Janma räçi of dominant partner/bridegroom) to the Moon (Janma räçi of passive partner/bride) both inclusive. The resultant number gives some indications as listed below.

Table 1: Räçi kuta

Number

Results

1

General well being and compatibility is indicated. Check the nakñatra match. If the nakñatra are different, it is excellent and in the case of marriage, sons and grandsons will issue from the wedlock. If they are the same then there shall be fear of poison and one of them could suffer severe ill-health and/or children could also suffer due to näga nadi or other flaws. This is sure to happen if the nakñatra is Bharani (2), Rohini (4), Ardrä (6), Puçyä (8), Asleçä (9), Makhä (10), Hastä (13), Jyeçthä (18), Mūlä (19), Pūrvasadhä (20), Dhaniçtä (23) or Çatabhiça (24).

2

Good compatibility; financial problems and hardships (Harihara).

3

Excellent friendship and relationship; long term if planets concerned are friends.

4

Very compatible; growth in wealth

5

Very compatible; many children

6

Fairly compatible; short term relationship; destruction and ruin (Brihaspati) unless the Subhapati are mutually friendly; separation or quarrel - if the Subhapati are mutual foes or there is vedha, then the intensity of evil is very high (Harihara). If they are friends, then this can be considered.

7

Excellent compatibility, especially in matters concerning the opposite sex.

8

Diseases (Madhavacharya); destruction and ruin (Brihaspati) unless the Subhapati are mutually friendly; separation, quarrel or death and if the Subhapati are mutual foes or there is vedha, then the intensity of evil is very high (Harihara). However, if the passive partner (Moon) has an even Janma räçi, then this match is to be rejected (Harihara).

9

No compatibility and no growth; in case of a marriage, loss of children is indicated (Madhavacharya);

10

Quarrels and misunderstanding (Madhavacharya); marriage maybe considered if the Subhapati are friendly (Brihaspati) and will last, but there will be many quarrels.

11

Sorrow is indicated (Madhavacharya);

12

No compatibility and many problems; especially financial losses (Madhavacharya) and poverty (Harihara).
Naisargika sambandha

Naisargika Graha sambandha or natural planetary relationships are eternal and are of various types depending on the context. Paräsara teaches the general rule which is applied in two stages. First step is the determination of natural relationship. This is based on the mūlatrikona (office) and is the desire of every planet to achieve its object. Second step is the modification to this in individual charts.

Satyäcarya’s rule[1]: The lords of the signs in 2, 4, 5, 8, 9 & 12[2] from the mülatrikona sign of a planet are its friends.

Table 2: Natural friendship

Planet
Friend

Neutral

Enemy

Sun

Moon, Mars, Jupiter

Mercury

Venus, Saturn

Moon

Sun, Mercury

Mars, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn



Mars

Sun, Moon, Jupiter

Venus, Saturn

Mercury

Mercury

Sun, Venus

Mars, Jupiter, Saturn

Moon

Jupiter

Sun, Moon, Mars

Saturn

Mercury, Venus

Venus

Mercury, Saturn

Mars, Jupiter

Sun, Moon

Saturn

Mercury, Venus

Jupiter

Sun, Moon, Mars

Although we do need to know this for the nodes as relationships are with ‘real’ people having physical bodies, nevertheless, we can determine their friends and foes to understand the relationship between the deities of Hinduism.

Rahu[3]

Sun, Venus

Mars, Jupiter, Saturn

Moon, Mercury

Ketu[4]

Moon, Mars

Mercury, Venus, Saturn

Sun, Jupiter

The relationship between Gaëeça (indicated by Ketu) and Çiva (Sun) is seen in Ketu treating Sun as an enemy whereas the Sun treats Ketu as a friend. The episode of Gaëeça guarding the door and not even allowing Çiva inside when the mother was taking a bath and a fight ensuing between the two resulting in the cutting of Gaëeça’s head by Çiva is too well known. Here, Gaëeça proved to be the best guardian of the door and unconsciously acted inimically towards his own father. He was only doing the job (mülatrikoëa-office) entrusted to Him by the mother. He is the favorite of Gouri (Moon) and these relationships show up in the table given above.

If the nodes are to be used in planetary relations, then the following information can be useful. Often astrologers tend to confuse eclipse relations with the mülatrikoëa relations. Relationships between individuals can be for a variety of reasons of which the mülatrikoëa (office/work/duty/desire fulfillment) is the most common and is given here. There are other relationships like marriage[5] or worship, which are purely personal or domestic activities, or the purely financial relationships, which require a different model as, taught by Jaimini Mahaåñi. A business partnership is more than just financial relationship as it brings two or more people into a working (mülatrikoëa) relationship.

Table 3: Nodes ownership

Node

Own Sign

Mülatrikoëa

Exaltation

Rahu

Aquarius

Virgo

Gemini

Ketu

Scorpio

Pisces

Sagittarius
Tatkälika sambandha

Tatkälika sambandha or temporal relationship are the second stage modification of the natural relationship and varies from one chart to another. Since the entire Paräsarian model of relationships is based on mülatrikoëa (office or work), this principle is carried over to the second stage as well.

It is well known that the Sun is the keeper of time and that all activities of men shall be governed by the Sun. The birds fly out of their nest with the first ray of the Sun and return with the last ray of the setting Sun. Their sensitivity to the time indications of the Sun causes their entire group (birds) to be over-lorded by the Sun. Men are more emotional and have the highest share of mental working causing them to be over-lorded by the Moon instead. It is natural that their working and relationships will be governed by ‘moods and tastes’. The activities following the Sun are based on ‘muhurta’. Brahma muhurta coinciding with Brahma gayatri starts the day. The activities reach an acme at midday, which is called ‘Abhijit muhurta’ coinciding with Viçnu gayatri. Thereafter, the energies and rays decline until sunset, which is the ‘Rudra/Siva gayatri’. The activities of darkness begin after sunset and reach a nadir at midnight called the ‘Kali gayatri’.

In this working day, since planets represent people, every planet would like to be in the highest state i.e. akin to Abhijit muhurta or in Viñëu gäyatri connoting success, fame, wealth and all the good things of life that go with it. Such a planet attains the form of Viñëu and becomes an avatar. He sits on the throne and like Indra, becomes the king of the skies (svarga). During the day, the lagna starts with the Sun at Brahma gayatri, goes to the fourth house from the Sun in Viñëu gayatri, seventh house from the Sun in Çiva gäyatri and finally, the tenth house from the Sun in Kali gayatri. Reckoned from Lagna, at midday, the Sun is in the tenth house and this fact is used in determining the relationship.

If this is the position that every planet wishes to have in its working environment, then its relationships have to be based on this desirable situation. The midday situation of lagna with the Sun in the tenth house is extended to the planet and for the planet to rise at midday, sunrise should occur in the sign in the tenth house from it. The following deductions can be made based on this hypothetical situation, which will amount to a derivation of the rules taught by Paräsara on this subject.

Table 4: Tatkälika sambandha rules

1. The sign occupied by the planet is akin to midday

This is the throne of the planet. It defines its avastha (situation or mood or age), its bala (strengths) and everything else.



2. The tenth house from it is akin to sunrise

This is the first definition of sambandha and the planets placed in the tenth from it shall herald its ascendancy.

The planets in the tenth house are temporal friends.

3. The fourth from it shall be akin to sunset

The planets in this house shall be the last to leave the sinking ship or shall be the most loyal/trusted.

The planets in the fourth house are temporal friends.

4. The sign opposite to it shall be akin to midnight.

This is the nadir and shall define the opposition or he who shall rule after the planet abdicates.

The planets in the seventh house are temporal enemies.

5. The signs/planets intervening from the tenth house from it to its seat will help him to achieve the position

These supporters join the herald in helping the planet’s ascendancy. The signs intervening are the 11th and 12th houses.

The planets in the 11th and 12th house are temporal friends.

6. The signs from its seat to its fourth house shall help sustain/continue his kingly position.

These supporters join the king (planet under consideration) after his ascendancy and support his claim to the throne. The signs intervening are the 2nd & 3rd houses.

The planets in the 2nd and 3rd houses are temporal friends.

7. The signs after sunset (darkness) shall work towards his downfall as everyone wishes to be in the light or ‘limelight’.

These signs are the 5th to 9th houses.

The planets in the 5th to 9th houses shall be temporal enemies.

8. No king likes to share his throne with others.

Sharing power causes a weakness in the throne that is not stable. That is why four or more planets conjoining can cause pravrajya yoga implying exile or renunciation.

The planets in the same sign are temporal enemies.

These temporal relationship rules when applied to a chart cause a modification in the natural relationship. This new relationship that develops is pancada (five fold) and the clear lines of ‘friends-neutrals-enemies’ given by natural relationships gets modified as follows:

1. Intimacy (very close or strong friend); definition: a natural friend who is also a temporal friend. Such intimate friends and supporters are the trustworthiest for a long-term relationship.

2. Friendship (protagonist, supporter and well-wishers), definition: a natural neutral who becomes a temporal friend. Such friends support a cause that lead to ascendancy while in principle they do not support the ideals.

3. Acquaintance (known, neutral, associate), definition: a natural friend who becomes a temporal enemy or a natural enemy who becomes a temporal friend. Such people are the ones who secretly either support (natural friends) or oppose (natural enemies) the ideals but find it convenient, or are in a situation that makes them sympathize with the opposition. They change sides whenever the wind blows the other way.

4. Antagonist (antagonist, oppose, malice, ill will), definition: a natural neutral who becomes a temporal enemy. Such people do not have any fundamental difference in ideology but because of a situation or convenience tend to become antagonistic or support the opposition.

5. Hostility (Enmity, bitterness, hatred, acrimony) definition: a natural enemy who becomes a temporal enemy. Such people are fundamentally opposed and bear great bitterness. Given the right circumstances, their hostility will surely come to the fore.

Example 1: Tatkälika sambandha chart



The example chart has the Moon in Aquarius and its lord Saturn, being the Subhapati is placed in Capricorn. To determine the sambandha, we need to follow the steps:

· Saturn has its mulatrikona in Aquarius. The lords of the 2 & 12, 4 & 8 and 5 & 9 are its friends while the rest are enemies. Reckoned from Aquarius, Jupiter is the lord of 2 (friend) and 11 (enemy). Therefore, Jupiter is neutral. In this manner we get the natural relations

Natural relations

Planet

Friend

Neutral

Enemy

Saturn

Mercury, Venus

Jupiter

Sun, Moon, Mars, Rahu, Ketu

The sign Capricorn should be treated as the seat or throne of Saturn. The planets in the 10, 11, 12, 2, 3 & 4 houses have temporal good relations. These are Ketu (12), Moon (2) and Jupiter (3). The rest have temporal bad relationship/enmity. The Sun, Mars & Rahu are natural as well as temporal enemy making them hostile and bitter enemies of Saturn. The Moon & Ketu are natural enemies but temporal friends making them neutral acquaintances. Mercury and Venus are natural friends and temporal enemies making them neutral. Jupiter is naturally neutral and a temporal friend making it a friend.

Temporal relations

Planet

Adi-mitra

(Intimate)

Mitra (Friend)

Sama

(Neutral)

Satru (antagonist)

Adi-satru (hostile)

Saturn



Jupiter

Mercury, Venus, Moon, Ketu



Sun, Mars, Rahu,

Similar deductions are made for all the planets and tabulated as indicated below the charts.

Deduction

The examination of temporal relations in the chart clearly shows that the native shall not have any intimate friends and shall be a loner by nature. The only friends are indicated by Jupiter while there shall be quite a few acquaintances and some very hostile enemies. However, as a note of abundant caution, this is only the initial estimate based on the Janma räçi.
Case studies
Business partnerships

Example 2: Business partners

In this example we take the case of three business partners who are running a Software Consultancy in the USA. The chart given is that of the dominant of the three who runs the business and hence we consider him as the puruña (male principle or leadership) and take his Moon’s position (Scorpio). This sign is the reference to judge the relationship between his other two passive partners (P2 & P3), who assume the role of präkåti (female principle or support). The puruña is treated as the Sun and so, in the chart we shall place the sun in Scorpio. The Janma räçi of the other two partners shall be treated as the Moons. P2 has Taurus Moon sign and P3 has the Moon sign in Leo.

Janma Rasi of Dominant Partner (Purusa): Scorpio

Janma Rasi of P2: Taurus

Janma Rasi of P3: Leo

Chart 1: Chart of P1 (Scorpio Moon)



Observe that P2’s moon is in 7th house from that of P1’s, hence this is çukla pakña and bodes good for the partnership. On the other hand, Moon in Leo for P3 is kåñëa pakña, hence this can cause ill will, disharmony in partnership and eventually affect the business.

However, lets go one step further and analyze the saàbandha between Mars, who is the lord of Puruña Moon sign and Venus & Sun, the Moon sign lords of P2 & P3. Venus is a natural enemy of Mars but in the temporal relationship we find Venus placed in the third house from Mars generating friendship and support. Thus, the over relationship between Mars & Venus is neutrality. Hence we can easily conclude based on this neutrality and the çukla pakña relationship we analyzed earlier, that relationship between P1 & P2 would be wonderful and good for the progress and prosperity of the business.

Now, Sun is a natural friend of Mars and is also placed in the third house from Mars promising temporal friendship as well. The relationship between these two becomes very close and is classified as intimate (adi-mitra). However, we had analyzed earlier that the intrinsic relationship between P1 & P3 was kåñëa pakña, which tells us that, there will be lots of ups and downs in their relationships and that they would have to put in a lot of effort and understanding to keep disharmony out of their relationship in order for the business to prosper.

Table 5: P1 & Partners relationship table

Partners

Sun-Moon (Pakña) relationship

Relationship between dipositors

Meaning

P2

Çukla

Neutral

Very conducive for business

P3

Kåñëa

Friend

Not conducive for business; however lot of effort should be put to maintain relationship.

Now, we take P1’s moon sign (Scorpio) as the reference point and count houses till the other partners moon sign, which are P2 (Taurus-seventh house) and P3 (Leo-tenth house). Here again we find that P1’s relationship with P2 is much better than his relationship to P3! (see table below)

Table 6: P1 & Partners räçi küta table

Partners

House

Meaning

P2

7

Excellent compatibility, especially in matters concerning the opposite sex.

P3

10

Quarrels and misunderstanding; marriage maybe considered if the Subhapati are friendly and will last, but there will be many quarrels.

Fact: One of the partners has personally confirmed that the business is doing well notwithstanding the economical downturn the world is facing and indeed the relationship between P1 & P2 is fantastic while the same between P1 & P3 needs a lot of work (compromises) to maintain a harmony.

Example 3: Business partnership

Here’s an example of 3 business partners P1, P2 & P3, with P1 being the dominant, hence he will the puruña in the relationship with P2 & P3.

Janma räçi of dominant partner P1 (puruña – the Sun): Capricorn

Janma räçi of P2: Pisces (the Moon-1)

Janma räçi of P3: Cancer (the Moon-2)

Chart 2: Partner-1 (Capricorn Moon)



P1’s moon sign is Capricorn and that of P2 and P3 are Pisces & Cancer respectively. Treating the Moon sign of P1 (Capricorn) as the Sun, and those of the other partners P2 & P3 as the Moons, we observe that both are in çukla pakña. Hence this bodes very well for the business and has indications of a prosperous partnership.

Now, let’s analyze the natural relationship of moon sign dispositor of P1 (Saturn lord of Capricorn) with those of P2 (Jupiter lord of Pisces) & P3 (Moon lord of Cancer). A look at the natural relationship table given will show that Saturn considers Jupiter as neutral and Moon as its enemy. However in the chart, Jupiter is placed in the third house from Saturn indicating good temporal relationship and the Moon is placed in the twelfth house from Saturn indicating good temporal relationship. The overall relationship between Saturn & Jupiter is one of friendship (mitra) while that between Saturn & the Moon is neutrality (sama). Hence, the dominant partner P1 will have good relationship with P2 while he is likely to be neutral towards P3.

The first reading of çukla pakña indicates that P1 shall benefit substantially from this partnership. The reading of natural relationships indicates that P1 shall be neutral towards P2 while he will tend to ignore P3 in behavior. The reading of temporal & overall relationship indicates that P1 shall maintain good relationship with P2 while his relationship with P3 will be continued out of necessity.

Table 7: P1 & Partners relationship table

Partners

Sun-Moon (Pakña) relationship

Natural relationship between dipositors

Meaning

P2

Çukla

Neutral

Very conducive for business and an indifferent attitude in behavior but relationship.

P3

Çukla

Inimical

Conducive for business, however P1 will tend to ignore P3 but will continue the relationship out of necessity.

Now, we take P1’s moon sign as the reference point and count houses till the other partners moon sign. Doing this to both P2 & P3 we get the following:

Table 8: P1 & Partners räçi kuta Table

Partners

House

Meaning

P2

3

Excellent friendship and relationship; long term if planets concerned are friends.

P3

7

Excellent compatibility, especially in matters concerning the opposite sex. This is not a marriage match and is not of much consequence.

Fact: P1 initially started out doing business with absolutely no money. He approached P2 & P3, who generously lend him enough money and became silent partners with him. After nine years, P1 has prospered much and has net business worth of INR 250 million (US$ 5 million). The partnership continues.
Associations & societies

An association or a society is the coming together of like-minded (Moon) people to further their interests and can be related to various kinds of activities including professional associations. In the formation of such societies, the Moon sign plays a key role and the association of the leading members should be done after such a study of their Moon signs so that the objectives of the association are furthered and are fruitful.

Example 4: Çré Jagannätha Center USA

The Çré Jagannätha Center USA is has the leadership of four people – Robert Koch, SJC Guru & Lakshmi (Lynne) Kary Secretary, in the west and Dr. Brendan Feeley, President & P.V.R.Narasimha Rao, CFO in the east. The Janma Räçis of the four are –

Robert A.Koch Libra 21018’

Lakshmi (Lynne) Kary Libra 2018’

Dr. Brendan Feeley Leo

P.V.R.Narasimha Rao Aquarius

Chart 3: Robert Koch



Leadership of an association can be taken by any person and such a person should normally be holding the chief executive position. For example in the USA government, it is the President. In India we have the President and the Prime Minister but the chief executive is clearly the Prime Minister. Similarly, let us say we have to decide as to which of the four should have the leadership of this association to help achieve the objectives of the organization.

If we take Robert Koch as the leader as he is the SJC Guru for America, we find that the Moon signs of Lakshmi Kary and Brendan Feeley are in kåñëa pakña indicating that the organization may have to see financial hardship and the overall relationships may suffer. It is the same case with Lakshmi Kary (Libra Moon sign) leading the organization. If instead we have P.V.R.Narasimha Rao heading the organization then the Moon signs of Robert Koch and Lakshmi Kary are in the kåñëa pakña indicating that the relationship structure may still undergo strain. In fact, Aquarius must yield to Libra if their association is to lead to Räjayoga. If we take Dr.Brendan Feeley as the leader then the moon signs of all the other three are in the çukla pakña and this is the best situation, as the organization will prosper.

It is evident from the above that the President must be vested with the executive powers to lead the organization. He must have the necessary support from the other members of the organization to take this lead. Let us now examine the relationships from his chart as the leader.

Chart 4: Dr.Brendan Feeley



From Leo, the other Moon signs Libra and Aquarius are in the çukla pakña. Sun the Lord of Leo is not in natural friendly terms with either Venus (Lord of Libra) or Saturn (Lord of Aquarius). This shows that they will tend to have ‘communication gaps’. Further, in the temporal relationship, neither Saturn nor Venus is friendly with the Sun. Saturn is in opposition (but in involved in an exchange Räjayoga) while Venus is sharing the throne with the Sun.

In fact this is precisely what is happening in the SJC USA organization. The headship of the organization is being shared between Robert Koch and Brendan Feeley and for this reason, there seems to be a lack of direction to the organization. Further, if the organization has to prosper and succeed in achieving the objectives of its creation then Brendan Feeley has to take the lead from among the four.
Upadeça (Advise)

You are all aware of the chart matching done for marriages and the various küta and points system that has been developed for this purpose. The aim of this article was to highlight (1) the validity of the teachings of the seers and (2) to demonstrate that there is more to those points and küta agreements than what catches the eye. A simplistic 36-point model is not going to serve any purpose in making the final decision regarding a lifelong relationship or a long-term business relationship. The needs are different and so the matching of charts has to be very specific and the küta have to be used based on purpose of the relationship. For example, the yoni küta showing sexual compatibility has no relevance to a business relationship and only shows the moods of the person based on sexual needs.

The matching of Moon sign/nakñatra is important for all marriages and such activities where a long-term relationship is being made for ‘financial’ purposes. Even marriage is a social activity undertaken after a person has become an earning member of the society. The traditional joint family system (küla) has given way in various societies to the nuclear family and the relevance of the Moon matching (räçi küta) in determination of marital ties has been progressively reduced. This topic of marital relationships is being discussed by Dr. Brendan Feeley and other Jyotiña Gurus of SJC.
Home work

1. Cull out illustrations from the sacred literature to bring out the natural relationship between the deities like the one for Ketu, Sun & Moon given in the chapter.

2. Why are marriage relationships ‘partially’ excluded from the Parasarian model? To what extent are they excluded and what is the alternate model for this excluded part.

Note: Handouts for the ghätaka cakra and vaçikaraëa shall be provided at the workshop. In addition, work sheets and charts will also be provided.
Graha Äruòha
Calculation rules

1. For Graha Äruòha, count from the planet to its own sign. Then count as many signs from this own sign. The sign arrived at is the Graha Äruòha.

2. If by the above calculation, the Äruòha of a planet is determined to be in the same sign itself, then the tenth house from it should be treated as the Äruòha.

3. If by the above calculation, the Äruòha of a planet is determined to be in the seventh sign from it, then the fourth house from it should be treated as the Äruòha.

Example 5: Illustrative calculation

Draw the Graha Äruòha Cakra of the speaker (birth chart given below). The nomenclature used for indicating the Graha Äruòha in the chart is “Name of planet” with a sub-script that shows the sign number like ‘1’ for Aries etc. This is not necessary for the luminaries (Sun & Moon) and the nodes (Rahu & Ketu), as they own one house each.

Chart 5: Sanjay Rath



Chart 6: Graha äruòha (SR)

Some illustrative examples:

1. Sun: Sun is in Cancer and owns the sign Leo; count from the Sun to Leo – we get ‘2’. Now count ‘2’ signs from Leo, we get Virgo as the sign occupied by the Sun in the Graha Äruòha Cakra.

2. Ju-9: Jupiter owns Sagittarius - count from Jupiter (in Pisces) to Sagittarius – we get ‘10’ signs. Now count ‘10’ signs from Sagittarius to arrive at Virgo the Äruòha. However, the Äruòha cannot be in the first or seventh house from the natal position. Since Virgo is the seventh house, apply rule-3 and the fourth house from the natal position Gemini becomes the Graha Äruòha.

3. Note that the Graha Äruòha of Rahu & Ketu is always in the same sign. In this case it is Libra.
Use of Graha äruòha

The graha äruòha cakra is used in more serious matters of the state, personal life where a one-to-one relationship is concerned and money or other simpler material objectives are not the reason for the association. This is of crucial importance in the charts of politicians where the relationship is based on sharing power or rising to a position/status (äruòha/image). It can also be used for corporate and other relationships where positions of power are under consideration. There are many other uses as well but not in the scope of this paper.

Example 6: Indian independance

What role did Mahatma Gandhi and Subhash Chandra Bose play in the life of Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru? Compare their importance using the Graha Äruòha Cakra.

The horoscope of Pt.Jawaharlal Nehru is at Chart 2 and the Graha Arudha Chakra is given at Figure-10. It is known that Mahatma (Mohandas Karamchand) Gandhi was born in Libra Lagna with Venus in it and can be declared a Malavya Yoga Mahapurusha whereas Subhas Chandra Bose was a bellicose patriot leading the Indian National Army during the freedom struggle. Subhas Chandra bose was born in Aries Lagna and was a great warrior and leader.

Chart 7: Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, 14 November 1889, Allahabad, India.



Chart 8: Graha Äruòha Cakra: Pt.Jawaharlal Nehru

Normally one would expect that the Moon (ruling Jawaharlal Nehru by being the Lagneça in Cancer Lagna) would be friendlier to Mars (S.C.Bose) instead of Venus (Mahatma Gandhi). However, it will be seen that Pt. Nehru was also born with the Mälavya Mahäpuruña Yoga (of Venus) like Gandhi and it is known that ‘birds of a feather flock together’. In addition, the seventh house is the doorway to success in this world of Maya (illusion). The Äruòha Lagna is Aries and Venus in strength is in the seventh from it showing that Venus (associated with Libra) would play a crucial role in elevating him to the position of being the first Prime Minister of India. Other Yoga like the Maha Padma Yoga caused by the destruction of the Käla-Amrita Yoga is also present in addition to the rare Graha Mälikä Yoga promising his most rare position as the first PM of India.

The Graha Äruòha Cakra shows ‘Ve7’ in the first house and ‘Ma1’ in the fifth house. The Graha Äruòha coming to the Lagna show those people in whose association one rises and attains the objective of birth. Thus, ‘Ve7’ would indicate strong Venus born people with Libra (7) Lagna like Mahatma Gandhi who would play a crucial role in helping him to attain his desired objective. ‘Ma1’ represents strong Martian people born in Aries (1) Lagna like Subhas Bose whom Pt. Nehru would like very much (placed in the 5th house), but who cannot have a priority over ‘Ve7’. If instead a comparison had to be made between ‘Ma1’ (in Scorpio in 5th house) and ‘Ju9’ (in Virgo in 3rd house), then ‘Ma1’ would have a higher influence. In this case, the Lagna is also the natal Moon sign and the likes and dislikes can be easily shown from the first house.

The clue to judgment lies in placing the planet in the concerned house (irrespective of signs) and then reading its results. In the above example, we have to compare “Venus in Lagna’ with ‘Mars in fifth house’.

[1] This has the support of Varähamihira and later day authors like Harihara.

[2] Note that these are the houses we normally see for bandhana yoga (bondage). The relationship implies being tied or bonded to another and could be the cause for choosing these houses.

[3] Mülatrikoëa of Rahu has been taken as Virgo as this is the sixth house of the natural zodiac and Rahu is the master of diabolical affairs. In case you choose another sign based on other authors, recomputed the table.

[4] Mülatrikoëa of Ketu has been taken as Pisces as this is the twelfth house of the natural zodiac and Ketu is the master of emancipation or escape from the cycle of rebirth.

[5] This is being dealt with by others astrologers in this conference and beyond the purview of this paper.